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Magellan Explains: Finding quality companies

What does it take for a company to be classified as quality?

Quality is a frequently used term in investing, but from Magellan’s experience definition really does matter.
There are thousands of companies listed on stock exchanges around the world and finding companies of sufficient quality to consider for investment requires a rigorous evaluation of the economics of the business and the industry in which it operates. This evaluation isn’t downloadable or traceable, it’s deep fundamental research where we analyse information from a wide range of sources to make a determination of quality, with a forward-looking lens.

At Magellan, we define a quality company as one that has unique attributes that enable the company to earn attractive sustainable returns over the long term. This definition is forward looking. Active fundamental research is key to understanding how sustainable future earnings can be.

Attributes of a quality company

Below are some examples of what Magellan considers to be attributes of a quality company. The more attributes the company has, the more we consider it likely that the company will be able to earn sustainable returns into the future.

Barriers to entry: This is how difficult it is for new entrants to break into the industry and take
market share from the incumbents. We consider that the more barriers there are, the higher the
quality of the existing businesses.
Brand: A business might own a unique brand or franchise that resonates with its customers,
conferring it with true pricing power.
Network effect: A network effect or two-sided market is incredibly difficult to unwind. The more users there are in the network the stronger it grows.
Economies of scale: This is where a business might have a structural or size advantage that enables it to be the lowest-cost producer and beat its competitors on price.
High switching costs: These exist where customers of a particular company would incur a cost to leave that company and go to a competitor, enabling the existing company to keep more existing customers whilst growing new ones at a premium price.

What are quality companies and why does it matter when you are investing?

What are Magellan’s assessment criteria for quality companies? At Magellan, we research the attributes of a company and the industry in which it operates and score them against our proprietary quality scorecard, looking at the following 6 quality factors:

1. Moat: This involves identifying the attributes listed above that enable a company to generate sustainable earnings over the long term. The research process isn’t a simple ‘tickbox’ exercise; it requires understanding the industry, the consumer, the regulatory landscape and the company’s position
2. Moat Trend: We then want to know the trend of that moat, meaning how a company’s competitive position changes over time. We consider this competitive direction is an important indicator of future opportunity for the company.
3. Business Risk: This may be risk generated by the economy, the company’s business model, or geopolitical issues. All of these risks may impact the predictability of the company’s earnings.
4. Agency Risk: The management of a company act as agents for its shareholders, so management’s ability to deploy capital appropriately and manage the risks in the business are paramount.
5. Reinvestment Potential: If a company can generate strong returns and then reinvest that money back into the business to enable product and service expansion, then it gives us greater certainty on future cash flows.
6. ESG Risk and Opportunity: Here we are focused on the materiality of Environmental, Social and Governance issues that can impact the cash flows of a company both in a positive and negative way.
This scorecard gives us conviction in the company’s ability to generate sustainable returns through different market cycles. Our approach to defining quality requires active, fundamental research, debate, investment committee oversight and continuous review.

What are the financial attributes that are important in a quality company?

There are a number of financial attributes we consider quality companies have including:

• Free cash flow yield: this is the ability to generate cash after obligations (free cash)
• Earnings resilience: this is the sustainability of earnings in the future
• Returns stability: this is the ability to generate attractive returns, and reinvest in the business
• Margin of safety: this is the difference between the intrinsic value and market price, and
• Creditworthiness: this is the riskiness of a company to meet its debt obligations

Why does investing in quality matter to you as an investor?

From our experience as quality investors, there are 3 key reasons why we think investing in quality should matter to you:

1. It can provide greater conviction in the sustainability of the company’s earnings.
2. When investing long term you may generate compound returns. Over time, this
may lead to substantial growth in your investment.
3. Investing in quality can allow you to invest through different market cycles. This is
an important feature when considering volatility in the investment horizon.

How do you find quality companies?

At Magellan, we focus on investing in the world’s best global equites and global infrastructure companies for long-term growth potential and compounding opportunities.

We define what quality means to us and we then spend time assessing business models, business types, and how companies reinvest in their business to get stronger over the long term, which enables us to score those companies against our quality criteria. We talk to CEOs, company employees, former employees, industry experts, suppliers and competitors. The risks of each company are assessed, including environmental, social and governance issues. We focus on the company’s ability to manage the impact of their exposure to all business risks.

All of this active, fundamental research enables us to form a high conviction view on each company, which we are constantly monitoring and reviewing.

Important Information: This material has been delivered to you by Magellan Asset Management Limited ABN 31 120 593 946 AFS Licence No. 304 301 (‘Magellan’) and has been prepared for general information purposes only and must not be construed as investment advice or as an investment recommendation.  This material does not take into account your investment objectives, financial situation or particular needs. This material does not constitute an offer or inducement to engage in an investment activity nor does it form part of any offer documentation, offer or invitation to purchase, sell or subscribe for interests in any type of investment product or service. You should obtain and consider the relevant Product Disclosure Statement (‘PDS’) and Target Market Determination (‘TMD’) and consider obtaining professional investment advice tailored to your specific circumstances before making a decision about whether to acquire, or continue to hold, the relevant financial product. A copy of the relevant PDS and TMD relating to a Magellan financial product may be obtained by calling +61 2 9235 4888 or by visiting www.magellangroup.com.au.

Past performance is not necessarily indicative of future results and no person guarantees the future performance of any financial product or service, the amount or timing of any return from it, that asset allocations will be met, that it will be able to implement its investment strategy or that its investment objectives will be achieved. This material may contain ‘forward-looking statements’. Actual events or results or the actual performance of a Magellan financial product or service may differ materially from those reflected or contemplated in such forward-looking statements.

This material may include data, research and other information from third party sources. Magellan makes no guarantee that such information is accurate, complete or timely and does not provide any warranties regarding results obtained from its use. This information is subject to change at any time and no person has any responsibility to update any of the information provided in this material.  Statements contained in this material that are not historical facts are based on current expectations, estimates, projections, opinions and beliefs of Magellan. Such statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors, and undue reliance should not be placed thereon. No representation or warranty is made with respect to the accuracy or completeness of any of the information contained in this material. Magellan will not be responsible or liable for any losses arising from your use or reliance upon any part of the information contained in this material.

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